5G DAN AKSELERASI KETIMPANGAN KOMUNIKASI: SEBUAH STUDI LITERATUR
Keywords:
5G, ketimpangan komunikasi, kesenjangan digital, stratifikasi digital, Asia TenggaraAbstract
Ekspansi global jaringan generasi kelima (5G) dipromosikan sebagai pendorong transformasi digital dan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun, bukti yang berkembang menunjukkan bahwa konektivitas tingkat lanjut berpotensi memperdalam ketimpangan komunikasi yang telah ada. Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana penyebaran 5G membentuk kesenjangan urban–rural di Asia Tenggara, dengan fokus pada Indonesia, Thailand, dan Vietnam. Menggunakan tinjauan literatur kritis dan analisis dokumen kebijakan, studi ini mensintesis temuan akademik dan kerangka regulasi periode 2018–2024. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa implementasi 5G berorientasi pada pusat metropolitan akibat logika pasar, sementara wilayah rural menghadapi hambatan infrastruktur, keterjangkauan, dan literasi digital. Ketimpangan ini menghasilkan stratifikasi digital yang memperkuat kesenjangan sosial-ekonomi dan partisipasi demokratis. Studi ini menegaskan bahwa tanpa tata kelola berbasis keadilan, 5G berpotensi mengakselerasi ketimpangan. Transformasi digital yang inklusif memerlukan kebijakan redistributif dan kolaborasi multipihak agar kemajuan teknologi memberi manfaat merata bagi seluruh masyarakat
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